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Semantic segmentation methods are typically designed for RGB color images, which are interpolated from raw Bayer images. While RGB images provide abundant color information and are easily understood by humans, they also add extra storage and computational burden for neural networks. On the other hand, raw Bayer images preserve primitive color information with a single channel, potentially increasing segmentation accuracy while significantly decreasing storage and computation time. In this paper, we propose RawSeg-Net to segment single-channel raw Bayer images directly. Different from RGB images that already contain neighboring context information during ISP color interpolation, each pixel in raw Bayer images does not contain any context clues. Based on Bayer pattern properties, RawSeg-Net assigns dynamic attention on Bayer images' spectral frequency and spatial locations to mitigate classification confusion, and proposes a re-sampling strategy to capture both global and local contextual information. 

Major semantic segmentation approaches are designed for RGB color images, which is interpolated from raw Bayer images. The use of RGB images on the one hand provides abundant scene color information. On the other hand, RGB images are easily observable for human users to understand the scene. The RGB color continuity also facilitates researchers to design segmentation algorithms, which becomes unnecessary in end-to-end learning. More importantly, the use of 3 channels adds extra storage and computation burden for neural networks. In contrast, the raw Bayer images can reserve the primitive color information in the largest extent with just a single channel. The compact design of Bayer pattern not only potentially increases a higher segmentation accuracy because of avoiding interpolation, but also significantly decreases the storage requirement and computation time in comparison with standard R, G, B images. In this paper, we propose BayerSeg-Net to segment single channel raw Bayer image directly. Different from RGB color images that already contain neighboring context information during ISP color interpolation, each pixel in raw Bayer images does not contain any context clues. Based on Bayer pattern properties, BayerSeg-Net assigns dynamic attention on Bayer images' spectral frequency and spatial locations to mitigate classification confusion, and proposes a re-sampling strategy to capture both global and local contextual information. We demonstrate the usability of raw Bayer images in segmentation tasks and the efficiency of BayerSeg-Net on multiple datasets.